【scold的用法总结大全】“Scold”是一个常见的动词，表示“责骂、训斥”的意思。在日常英语中，它常用于表达对某人行为不满或批评的情境。虽然“scold”本身较为直接，但在实际使用中，它的搭配、时态、语态以及语气都可能有所不同。以下是对“scold”的用法进行的详细总结。
一、基本用法
| 用法 | 说明 | 例句 |
| scold + someone | 责骂某人 | She scolded the child for breaking the vase. |
| scold + someone for something | 因某事而责骂某人 | He scolded his son for not doing his homework. |
| scold someone for doing something | 因某人做了某事而责骂他 | The teacher scolded the students for talking during class. |
二、常见搭配与短语
| 搭配 | 说明 | 例句 |
| scold someone’s behavior | 责骂某人的行为 | I scolded her for her rude behavior. |
| scold someone to do something | 训斥某人做某事 | The mother scolded the boy to clean his room. |
| scold someone out of something | 原谅某人/不责骂某人 | I scolded him out of his mistake.（非标准用法，更常用的是“forgive”） |
三、时态与语态变化
| 时态 | 例句 |
| 一般现在时 | She often scolds her brother for being late. |
| 一般过去时 | He scolded me for not finishing my work. |
| 现在完成时 | They have scolded their daughter for lying. |
| 被动语态 | The student was scolded by the teacher for missing class. |
四、不同语气和场合中的使用
| 场景 | 用法 | 说明 |
| 家庭中 | scold a child | 通常带有情感色彩，如“be angry with”或“get upset with” |
| 工作场所 | scold an employee | 更正式，常用于管理场景，如“reprimand”或“criticize” |
| 口语中 | scold someone up | 非正式表达，指严厉地训斥某人，如“I had to scold him up for being late.” |
五、近义词与反义词
| 近义词 | 反义词 |
| reprimand, criticize, chide | praise, commend, compliment |
六、注意事项
- “Scold”多用于口语或非正式书面语中，正式场合可用“reprimand”或“criticize”。
- 在某些情况下，“scold”可以带有轻微的“教育”意味，而非纯粹的责骂。
- 注意语境，避免在不合适的场合使用“scold”，以免显得过于严厉或不礼貌。
通过以上总结可以看出，“scold”虽然简单，但在实际运用中需要根据具体情境选择合适的表达方式。掌握其不同的搭配和语境，有助于更自然、准确地使用这一动词。
